Verdi's "Otello" premieres

Synopsis

One of the greatest of all Italian operas had its first performance on this day in 1887. Otello, by Giuseppe Verdi, was a musical version of Shakespeare's tragedy, Othello. The opera was written when Verdi was in his 70s, years after he had supposedly retired from a long and successful career as Italy's most famous opera composer. It was one of the greatest triumphs of Verdi's career.

The premiere took place at La Scala, Milan, with famous singers in the lead roles, and the cream of international society and the music world in the audience. Even the orchestra was distinguished: among the cellists was a young fellow named Arturo Toscanini, who would later become one of the world's most famous conductors. Two of the violinists had the last name of Barbirolli—they were the father and grandfather of another famous conductor-to-be, Sir John Barbirolli. Both Toscanini and Barbirolli would eventually make classic recordings of Verdi's Otello.

And speaking of recordings, in the early years of the 20th century, the Italian tenor Francesco Tamago, who created the role of Otello, and the French baritone Victor Maurel, who created the role of Iago, both recorded acoustical phonograph excerpts from Verdi's Otello—the technological marvel of the 20th century—preserving, belatedly, a sonic souvenir of a 19th century Verdi premiere.

Music Played in Today's Program

Giuseppe Verdi (1813 - 1901) Act I excerpt, from Otello Ambrosian Chorus; New Philharmonia Orchestra; Sir John Barbirolli, conductor. EMI Classics 65296

On This Day

Births

• 1810 - Norwegian composer and violinist Ole Bull, in Bergen;

• 1909 - Polish composer Grazyna Bacewicz, in Lódz;

• 1943 - French-American composer Ivan Tcherepnin, in Issy-les-Moulineaux, near Paris;

Deaths

• 1907 - German composer Ludwig Thuille, age 45, in Munich;

• 1962 - French composer Jacques Ibert, age 71, in Paris;

Premieres

• 1887 - Verdi: opera "Otello," in Milan at the Teatro all Scala, with composer conducting (and cellist Arturo Toscanini in the orchestra);

• 1895 - Ippolitov-Ivanov: “Caucasian Sketches,” in Moscow, with the composer conducting (Julian date: Jan. 24;

• 1907 - Schoenberg: String Quartet No. 1 in d, Op. 7, in Vienna, by the Rosé Quartet;

• 1939 - Carl Orff: opera "Der Mond" (The Moon), in Munich at the Nationaltheater;

• 1958 - Tippett: Symphony No. 2, in London, by the BBC Symphony, with Sir Adrian Boult conducting;

• 1969 - Thea Musgrave: Clarinet Concerto, in London;

• 1970 - Elliott Carter: "Concerto for Orchestra" by the New York Philharmonic, Pierre Boulez conducting;

• 1995 - Olly Wilson: "Shango Memory" for orchestra, by the New York Philharmonic, Neeme Järvi conducting;

• 2000 - Ellen Taaffe Zwilich: Symphony No. 4 ("The Gardens"), for chorus, children's chorus and orchestra, by Michigan State University ensembles conducted by Leon Gregorian.

Others

• 1875 - American premiere of J.S. Bach's Concerto for Two Violins in D minor, at the Academy of Music in Philadelphia, with the Theodore Thomas Orchestra and soloists S.E. Jacobsohn and Richard Arnold; The same performers also gave the New York City premiere at Steinway Hall the following day; Following a Dec. 10, 1881, New York Philharmonic performance under Thomas with the same soloists, the New York Times reviewer wrote: "The concert possesses no interest to anyone but a violinist and even for a musically disposed audience is not a felicitous selection."